Arabic course · permanent vocabulary app

المُفْرَدَاتVocabulary Lab

Actual Arabic words, not grammar labels. Learn the meaning, word type, plural or verb forms, root, and a sentence showing how the word behaves.

Tap a word

بَيْتٌ

house / home

Choose any vocabulary card above to see its forms and example.

Grammar connection

نَائِبُ الْفَاعِلِ · Passive-subject / deputy subject

When an Arabic verb is made passive, the original doer is not mentioned. The thing that would normally be the object moves into the rafʿ position and is called نَائِبُ الْفَاعِلِ.

كَتَبَ الطَّالِبُ الدَّرْسَ

Active: The student wrote the lesson.

الطَّالِبُ = فاعل مرفوع. الدَّرْسَ = مفعول به منصوب.

كُتِبَ الدَّرْسُ

Passive: The lesson was written.

كُتِبَ = فعل ماضٍ مبني للمجهول. الدَّرْسُ = نائب فاعل مرفوع وعلامة رفعه الضمة.

يُكْتَبُ الدَّرْسُ

Present passive: The lesson is being written.

يُكْتَبُ = فعل مضارع مبني للمجهول. الدَّرْسُ = نائب فاعل مرفوع.

فُتِحَ الْبَابُ

The door was opened.

الْبَابُ is not the doer. It receives the action, but grammatically it occupies the rafʿ slot as نائب فاعل.

Pronouns can be نائب فاعل too. In ضُرِبْتُ “I was hit”, ـتُ is a visible attached pronoun في محل رفع نائب فاعل. In ضُرِبْنَا, نَا is نائب فاعل. In ضُرِبُوا, واو الجماعة is نائب فاعل. So the same pronoun system in Pronoun Lab can occupy different sentence roles depending on the verb.